颈椎病可引发多种相关疾病,由于颈椎骨性或者软组织的疾病,而导致压迫颈部神经或椎动脉,产生各种不同的症状与病征。
压迫到血管(椎动脉型的颈椎病),可以引起头晕、脑血管意外的偏瘫。压迫到神经,可引起颈源性心绞痛(与颈前三角结构有关)和颈源性视力障碍(与颈2-3间的颈上神经节有关)等。此外,它还可能引起颈源性乳房疼痛、吞咽困难、胃病,高血压和心律失常(与迷走神经有关),脊髓型的頸椎病可導致下肢瘫痪或排便障碍,以及影响呼吸和运动能力。
颈椎间盘突出可能引发手麻,是因为从颈4至胸2突出的椎间盘压迫了脊髓或臂丛神经根,导致手臂、手部麻木、刺痛或无力等症状,如压迫到肩胛背神经,可引起肩胛骨內侧一帶疼痛,如果压到胸长神經,可以引起腋下肋外侧疼痛。这种情况在神经根型颈椎病中很常见,还可能伴随肩颈疼痛、上肢肌力下降等症状。
Cervical spondylosis can trigger many related conditions. Diseases of the cervical vertebrae—whether bony or soft-tissue—may compress the cervical nerves or vertebral arteries, producing a wide range of symptoms and clinical signs.
When blood vessels are compressed (vertebral-artery–type cervical spondylosis), it can cause dizziness or even stroke-related hemiplegia. Compression of nerves may lead to cervicogenic angina (related to the structures of the carotid triangle) and cervicogenic visual disturbances (related to the superior cervical ganglion at the C2–C3 level). In addition, it may also cause cervicogenic breast pain, difficulty swallowing, stomach problems, hypertension and arrhythmia (related to the vagus nerve). The myelopathic type of cervical spondylosis can result in paralysis of the lower limbs or bowel dysfunction, and can also affect breathing and motor ability.
A herniated cervical disc may cause hand numbness because disc protrusions from C4 to T2 can compress the spinal cord or brachial plexus nerve roots, leading to numbness, tingling, or weakness in the arm or hand. Compression of the dorsal scapular nerve can cause pain along the medial border of the scapula, while compression of the long thoracic nerve can cause pain in the lateral ribs beneath the armpit. These findings are common in radiculopathic cervical spondylosis and may be accompanied by neck and shoulder pain, as well as decreased strength in the upper limbs.
压迫到血管(椎动脉型的颈椎病),可以引起头晕、脑血管意外的偏瘫。压迫到神经,可引起颈源性心绞痛(与颈前三角结构有关)和颈源性视力障碍(与颈2-3间的颈上神经节有关)等。此外,它还可能引起颈源性乳房疼痛、吞咽困难、胃病,高血压和心律失常(与迷走神经有关),脊髓型的頸椎病可導致下肢瘫痪或排便障碍,以及影响呼吸和运动能力。
颈椎间盘突出可能引发手麻,是因为从颈4至胸2突出的椎间盘压迫了脊髓或臂丛神经根,导致手臂、手部麻木、刺痛或无力等症状,如压迫到肩胛背神经,可引起肩胛骨內侧一帶疼痛,如果压到胸长神經,可以引起腋下肋外侧疼痛。这种情况在神经根型颈椎病中很常见,还可能伴随肩颈疼痛、上肢肌力下降等症状。
Cervical spondylosis can trigger many related conditions. Diseases of the cervical vertebrae—whether bony or soft-tissue—may compress the cervical nerves or vertebral arteries, producing a wide range of symptoms and clinical signs.
When blood vessels are compressed (vertebral-artery–type cervical spondylosis), it can cause dizziness or even stroke-related hemiplegia. Compression of nerves may lead to cervicogenic angina (related to the structures of the carotid triangle) and cervicogenic visual disturbances (related to the superior cervical ganglion at the C2–C3 level). In addition, it may also cause cervicogenic breast pain, difficulty swallowing, stomach problems, hypertension and arrhythmia (related to the vagus nerve). The myelopathic type of cervical spondylosis can result in paralysis of the lower limbs or bowel dysfunction, and can also affect breathing and motor ability.
A herniated cervical disc may cause hand numbness because disc protrusions from C4 to T2 can compress the spinal cord or brachial plexus nerve roots, leading to numbness, tingling, or weakness in the arm or hand. Compression of the dorsal scapular nerve can cause pain along the medial border of the scapula, while compression of the long thoracic nerve can cause pain in the lateral ribs beneath the armpit. These findings are common in radiculopathic cervical spondylosis and may be accompanied by neck and shoulder pain, as well as decreased strength in the upper limbs.
